Internal Medicine :: Medicine College Admissions Essays

Internal Medicine Brought up in semi-urban environment, my parents taught the lesson "survival of the fittest". As a part of such lessons I soon realized the true picture behind, those efforts which made me what I am today. My individuality fortunately rests on an enriched cultural heritage and family values. Entry into medical school was out of fascination for the intricate human architecture and its functioning. A free mind should not be restrained; hence working vigorously I was exposed to the various difficulties encountered by medical students and it was the search for solutions which made me dig out details from medical texts. My encounter with the world of medicine could not deter me from enjoying various facets of student life as I marched ahead to win laurels for my alma mater. Being a part of the team, which performs efficiently with positive results, was a satisfying experience while acting as medical officer at Pramukhswami college. It was a nice experience working as a team with assistants and technicians, helping a fellow resident in other department, assisting during invasive procedures, performing conventional investigations, being on call, attending patients of trauma, all this in harmony with machines and computers. This generated a sense of team spirit and professional coordination amongst my colleagues from different clinical and para-clinical faculties. Sometimes the responsibilities as a guide for undergraduates in addition to thrice a week emergencies was tough, but great cooperation and compassionate approach from my smiling colleagues never let me down. All the efforts seem to be worth when the patient says "thank you doctor" with a smile. The process of achieving better training began at my own medical school and as the quest still remains, I preferred United States for further education and training. This motivated me to pass USMLE at first attempt with competitive scores. I anticipate a career in general medicine. I am eager to maintain my interest in teaching through patient education and through involvement with student training.

Court Visit Report

Court visit report My first court visit was a civil appeal case under the hierarchy of appellant jurisdiction at the Intermediate court and my second visit was a criminal case under the original of criminal jurisdiction at the district court. Both courts are found in Port Louis, Mauritius. The difference between the two courts is that the appellant jurisdiction was already heard in a lower court whereas the criminal jurisdiction was heard for the first time in the lower court.The atmosphere and the surrounding of the courts were nearly the same as both had magistrate seat and desk, advocate seat and desk, benches, microphones, speakers, air conditioning system, witness box, bright lighting system and smoke detector. The differences between the courts were that in the intermediate court there was a computer and in the district court there was an accused box. In the court of appeal, the magistrate; in a black gown behind his desk on the podium, was facing the people.There was a court u sher in a suit who was passing documents and evidences to the magistrate and a formally dressed person in front the computer who was recording the proceedings. Both lawyers in black gowns sat on the first bench. Just behind their lawyers, formally dressed, sat both claimant and defendant. Both the court of appeal and the district court function in nearly the same way. The only difference is that in the latter the accused had no lawyer to represent him and hence he sat with the audience. A quite friendly atmosphere prevailed in both courts.Their ushers gave me the cases’ histories, details and facts. In the court of appeal, the lawyers were exchanging words with their client and I even got the opportunity to interview the claimant, the defendant and even the lawyers. In the district court I interviewed the accused who was sitting next to me and was rather stressed. In each court, when the magistrate came, the people stood up to show respect and remained silent. In the court of appeal Mrs Bibi Fatima Rughoonauth filed a civil suit against the Commissioner of Police for unlawful arrest.In the preceding civil case, she was accused of molesting a police officer on duty as â€Å"lichien (dog)†. When the proceeding started, the witnesses; all police officers in uniform, were individually called by the court usher so as to maintain confidentiality. Each witness went in the witness box and presented himself. The statement of police was read as evidence for cross examination. During interrogation, the magistrate even had to intervene once as the witness was not responding. During her interrogation of the witness, the defendant’s lawyer refuted the points raised by the plaintiff’s lawyer.After the second witness’s interrogation, the third one came and the plaintiff’s lawyer questioned him in such a persuasive and enforcing way that he cracked under the strain and revealed the truth. Due to time constraint, no verdict was given an d the case was postponed. In the district court, Mr Brado Michel Nicolas was prosecuted for breaching the road traffic act (amendment) 2003. The accused had a car accident and went to the police station to give his statement. He gave an alcohol test which came positive. Mr B. M. Nicolas; casually dressed, came in the accused box upon the court officer’s call.He was asked by the magistrate to remove his hands from his pockets as such act caused disrespect to court. The magistrate asked Mr B. M. Nicolas if he pleaded guilty but the latter requested the magistrate if he could hear his statement given in the police station once again. Then a police officer presented himself in front of the magistrate and read the statement of the witness in the witness box. Then Mr B. M. Nicolas pleaded guilty. The magistrate held the accused to pay a fine of Rs 3,100 (three thousand and one hundred Mauritian rupees).According to me it was a fair trial. Changes which I believe would help in maint aining order in the court and also its dignity are as follows: 1. A normal person, unaware of court functioning, should be briefed as when I was there, due to lack of information a witness went in the accused box and had to be guided to the witness box by the court officer. 2. Equipments in such an important and sensitive place as a court should be working properly since during my visit the microphones and speakers were not working and hence the court proceedings could not be heard properly.

Similarities Between Hinduism And Christianity - 1763 Words

Hinduism and Christianity Hinduism and Christianity are two religions that have been around for thousands of years. Both religions since creation has developed philosophies on certain subjects that can be compared and contrasted, to show the similarities and differences within Hinduism and Christianity. Key subjects that can be analyzed after reviewing the history and foundation of these religions are their: paths to enlightenment/salvation, the religions treatment of women, and the afterlife. This paper will give a thorough and concise analysis through discussion with the inclusion of comparing and contrasting embedded throughout this paper. One of the most important elements of†¦show more content†¦The main deities of the Hindu religion are Brahma and his two lieutenants named Shiva and Vishnu. The god Vishnu is the creator, and Shiva is the destroyer. One is not looked upon as better than the other. This shows the ultimate realism that the Hindu culture possesses. These a re not the only gods in Hindu culture. There are many others and all have special skills and talents. The gods themselves also give birth to the idea of avatars, or the form of god when he or she comes to earth. Perhaps the most important part of the philosophy of a religion lay in its path to enlightenment. The main ideas of enlightenment come through the Four Ends of Life. The first of these ends is Moksa. Moksa could be considered the realization of separation between the spiritual self and the physical self. It is only through this realization that one can be released from the mortal coil and allowed to spiritual liberty. It is through Moska that the Hindu follower becomes familiar with the existence of the spiritual world. The second of the Four Ends of life is Kama. This end says that we must pass through life in an ethical manner that brings about the most from life. This includes learning its great values as well as experiencing its enjoyments. This protects the Hindu follow er from shutting out the physical world entirely. Artha is the third end and it deals with wealth and material well-being. It explains thatShow MoreRelatedSimilarities Between Christianity And Hinduism1166 Words   |  5 Pagesmany are practiced worldwide. Both Christianity and Hinduism are very popular religions, and have a substantial amount of followers. In fact, Christianity and Hinduism are the largest, and third largest religions of the world, respectively. They have been tremendously influential on the world and have, arguably, shaped it into what it is today. Despite many differences between the two religions, Christianity and Hinduism have quite a few fascinating similarities. Not only do they have similar viewsRead MoreSimilarities Between Hinduism And Christianity1852 Words   |  8 PagesHinduism and Christianity are two religions with different virtues and teachings. Various things differ among these two religions. For example, in Hinduism there is an aspect of enlightenment whereas in Christianity there is baptism. Each of the two religions emphasize that the followers must stick to the teachings. The followers are taught the ways of the religion and believe that the teachings that they receive are the best. Each of the two religions emphasizes that the way they lookRead MoreSimilarities and Differences Between Christianity Hinduism1635 Words   |  7 PagesExamine and comment on contrasting standpoints about God and/or existence in relation to the topic you have investigated. Christianity and Hinduism seem to have profoundly different views in relation to God and/or existence. For example, creation within Christian belief is primarily ex-nihilo (out of nothing). God created everything in 7 days from the light and darkness, to the day of rest. This can be illustrated by reference to Genesis 1:1 – 2:4a â€Å"In the beginning God created the heavens andRead MoreDifference and Similarities Between Christianity and Four (4) World Religion, Buddhism, Zoroastrianism, Muslims and Hinduism.2305 Words   |  10 Pages Title: Difference and Similarities between Christianity and Four (4) World Religion, Buddhism, Zoroastrianism, Muslims and Hinduism. Introduction: In the world today there are many religions of different beliefs with vast numbers of followers. However, some of these religions turn to have similarities and differences which defer them from each another. The following report briefly talks about the differences and similarities between Christianity and other four (4) major world religions and theyRead MoreChristianity And Hinduism .According To The Human Truth1601 Words   |  7 PagesChristianity and Hinduism According to the human truth foundation (2017) â€Å"religions are shared collection of transcendental beliefs that have been passed on from believers to converts, which are held by adherents to be actively meaningful and serious and either based on formally documented doctrine or established cultural practices.† There are many religions in the world some are old as the beginning of time and some are newer. Hinduism is one of the oldest organized religion in the world. Read MoreChristianity And Hinduism : A Theological Perspective1391 Words   |  6 PagesWhen looking at Christianity and Hinduism there are many ways to look at each religion from a theological perspective. This is why the best way to look at the broad view of these religions would be to analyze each by comparing and contrasting what each religion is about. The first point to look at would be at how Hinduism and Christianity are very similar in how they view the world. This can be seen in how they both s trive to achieve a state of higher being whether it be with the eternal stateRead MoreChristianity, Hinduism, And Islam1054 Words   |  5 PagesEvery religion has its own goal, and their own believes, however there are also many similarities in their believes. Although the followers of Judaism, Christianity, and Islam may see things differently, they basically hold the same values and codes. To Islam, the Prophet Mohammad’s teaching is a â€Å"complete and final revelation†. On the other hand, according to the bible, Christianity believes that Jesus Christ is the true lord and savior will grant you the access to heaven in the afterlife. JudaismRead MoreComparison And Contrast Of World Religions1194 Words   |  5 PagesReligions The religions of the world, while differing greatly in their specifics, are surprisingly similar. The three most prevalent religions in the world are Christianity, Islam, and Hinduism, in that order. All believe in a higher power that presides over and created man. Islam originated in approximately 609 C.E., or Common Era, and Christianity originated around 33 C.E. which is supposedly when Jesus Christ was crucified. The main prophet of Islam, Muhammad, is supposedly of the lineage of Jesus ChristRead MoreChristianity And Buddhism And Christianity1468 Words   |  6 PagesChristianity and Buddhism exist as two of the predominant religions throughout the world. While Buddhism ranks around fifth in number of followers of religions, it is the third most widespread religion behind Christianity and Islam. Buddhism and Christianity are arrantly distinct in their principle standpoints: Buddhism rejects the existence of a greater being and Christianity proudly professes the power of a univ ersal God. However, despite this rigid dissimilarity, both religions developed and spreadRead MoreSimilarities Between Hinduism And Hinduism Essay902 Words   |  4 PagesChristianity Versus Hinduism Christianity and Hinduism, are two of the worlds oldest religions. Although they are very different religions they share one main goal; salvation. However, their idea of salvation and what they have to do ,and what must be done to attain salvation are very different. Two main similarities between the Hindu religion and Christian religion are referred to by different titles; nevertheless they are represented by the same action. One example of these similarities would

Children s Consumption At Primary Schools - 1302 Words

According to the peer-reviewed article â€Å"Validation of the School Lunch Recall Questionnaire to Capture School Lunch Intake of Third- to Fifth-Grade Students† by Amy Paxton, MPH, RD, Suzanne Domel Baxter, PhD, RD, LD, FADA, Phyllis Fleming, PhD, and Alice Ammerman, DrPH, RD, there is an important need for new, more accurate and efficient means of childhood dietary assessment methods within schools. Throughout this study, childhood dietary intake evaluations are used to recall or observe children’s consumption at primary schools. Due to increasing statistics of childhood obesity and current expensive, time and resource heavy methods of assessment, an improved means of intake evaluation could prove beneficial. Through this study or research,†¦show more content†¦With childhood obesity at a profound high, the study emphasizes that it is of great importance that methods be taken to appropriately measure and positively influence children’s meal intake. Re search confirms that the majority of dietary customs are established during childhood. Therefore, proper childhood dietetic assessments are a beneficial method to improve and measure food choices of children during lunchtime at primary schools. As stated by the authors, present evaluations of children’s dietary consumption are â€Å"24-hour recalls† and â€Å"meal observations†. Conversely, these implements are identified as exclusive and particularly resource dependent. As indicated by its title, the â€Å"24-hour recall† questions children in primary schools about their entire meal consumption throughout a day’s span. In opposition of the method, prior studies indicate it is rather challenging for young children to correctly recall a complete day’s meal ingestion. Thus, not only is the â€Å"24-hour recall† potentially inaccurate, but the assessment uses an abundant amount of time and money. Another type of dietary assessment, †Å"meal observations†, appear to be more precise than â€Å"24-hour recalls†, but the resources used are still high. Lastly, â€Å"food frequencies, food diaries, and combination of food frequencies and 24-hour recalls† have been used as

Three Ways Police and Probation Officers can Reduce Gang...

Police and probation officers use two words to describe their jobs, to protect and to serve. Not only do they put their lives in danger every day, but also help the community in more ways than one. Some ways that police and probation officers can help lower gang violence is by implementing laws more accordingly, establishing a relationship with troubled youth, and creating programs that benefit their well-being. The root of gang violence all begins at home and then spreads. A troubled teen may be lacking the love and attention from their parent whether it is because they work too much, or simply do not care. Then, the teen will result attending school and will begin to find that comfort in places that they can feel stability. According†¦show more content†¦If parents cannot control their children then police officers will need to teach teens why breaking the law does not have a lovely consequence. Probation officers tend to deal with the softer side of reducing gang violence . Once a teen is arrested for having or selling drugs then they are assigned a probation officer that will follow up on their progress and insure they are staying out of trouble. They will do routine visits to their home, place of work, or school. Especially for teens that are involved in gang violence this could be an important factor to getting them to release their old ways and straighten out. If a teen is part of a gang chances are they will be willing to take responsibility when they are caught with drugs. The purpose of the probation officer will be educating them on why that life style could not benefit their well-being in any way. Instead, they will try to suggest distancing themselves from those so called friends that only indulge bad behaviors. A probation officer can even suggest to the court once they report back to the judge that the teen may need to be relocated whether it be to another school or with another family member. This will allow positive reinforcements to su rround them. ` We establish that building a good relationship with these teens is essential. According to David Forbes, he interviewed a probation officer named Sharon who stated in order to be a good probationShow MoreRelatedSocial Work and the Criminal Justice System1282 Words   |  5 Pagesrelated in any way. There may be a bias against minorities in the court system. Blacks are sent to prison at a rate of 8.2 times higher than whites. If trends continue two-thirds of every black men between the ages of 18 and 34 will be in prison. Race and social class are related. Lower classes lack means to acquire material goods. These people may turn to economically or instrumental crimes to earn respect. The poor communities usually base their respect on physical strength and violence. Poor neighborhoodsRead MoreGun Policy Research Paper2362 Words   |  10 Pagesera of gang-related violence following the murder of a number of young women all believed to be bystanders. The young women were gunned down in gang violence within a few months of each other (Wakeling 2003, p. 1). The Stockton Police Department (SPD) and other state, local and federal justice agencies were convinced that the greatest percentage of the gun violence was propelled by gang antagonisms. Therefore, for the police department, the Boston pulling levers approach would help reduce gun violenceRead More Gang membership, Drug Selling, and Violence in Neighborhood Context1535 Words   |  7 Pagesconforming conduct† ( p.78). A gang in Smiley’s neighborhood pressures Smiley into practicing norms that are considered unacceptable legally . Smiley’s gang approves stealing, violence, abuse of drugs, and organized crimes. Smiley had to adapt by conforming to the gang’s values, follow ritualism like wearing certain colors and speaking gang jargon, and view the world as us ( gang) against them. Smiley stays afloat by doing tattoos of gang symbolism. The society looks down on gangs and in fact Smiley’s paroleRead MoreChicago Cease Fire As A Public Health Issue1687 Words   |  7 Pagestreated violence as Chicago had a 25% drop in killings, with a 50% drop in the Ceasefire zones. Since then Ceasefire has been active in 18 communities in Chicago and 7 communities in Illinois. The method has had an extensive multi-year multi-method evaluation supported by the U.S. Department of Justice a public health issue. The Institute of Nonviolence reports that their framework was driven by a national experiment by David Kennedy to reduce violence. Rachel A Davis reports that violence can undermineRead MorePolice Officers And Officers Police And Corrections Officers1546 Words   |  7 PagesEyes Have Seen Abuse by police officers and officers in penal institutions is a big subject in the media now. Turn to a news station and the chances of seeing at least on case are pretty high. The most unreported incidents, however, is actually assault on police officers and corrections officers. The media does not report these issues nearly as much as it tries to portray officer assault on criminals. Why is it that the media covers up the big issue of officer assault and reports the â€Å"innocent†Read MoreJuvenile Delinquency : A Serious Concern For Many Law Enforcement Agencies Essay2260 Words   |  10 Pages Youth gang members are a serious concern for many law enforcement agencies. Gangs can be defined as a group of individuals who meet on a routinely basis, whom have an identifiable and organized leadership, whom claim control of specific territories, and whom are often involved in violence or other illegal activities (Miller, 1975). Juveniles are the perfect targets to be re cruited by gangs according to the National Gang Intelligence Center (2011). This is due to a variety of factors, many ofRead MoreEffective Tactics to Reduce Juvenile School Shootings Essay2779 Words   |  12 Pagesspecifically involving schools, the reactions seem to change. Rather than feeling little empathy while depending on the justice system to carry out decisions expected by society, the American society tends to have more remorse and empathy while examining ways to help prevent these crimes, as well as depending on the justice system. The taking of lives of children by other children creates a different reaction across the nation. A sense of motivation to fix this problem is evident throughout the countryRead More Racial Disparities of the Criminal Justice System1518 Words   |  6 Pagesinfluence these statistics according to the â€Å"Central Eight† criminogenic risk factors. The need for programs and methods to effectively deter those at risk individuals has never been greater and the lack of such programs is costing society in countless ways. Justice is a concept that takes into account the inalienable rights of all individuals to equal protection before and under the law regardless of race, gender, ethnicity, religious belief, age, disability or income. The justice system of the UnitedRead MoreCommunity Crime Prevention Strategies3608 Words   |  15 PagesChoose specific types of CS – police led, management of offenders, crime prevention as focus. The Home Office delineates community safety as, â€Å"An aspect of quality of life in which people, individually and collectively, are protected as far as possible from hazards or threats that result from  the criminal or anti-social behaviour of others and are equipped or helped to cope with those they do experience† (Home Office: 1998) The fear of crime can impact us in a major way on how we feel about our communityRead MoreThe Deaths Of Women During Ciudad Juarez2788 Words   |  12 Pagesto other issues occurring around the world. Those who choose to talk about the subject eventually give up because they saw no immediate results or any progress at all. As stated before some chose to ignore the issue because they felt it was the easy way out and had fear of their own lives as well. Especially, the residents of Ciudad Juarez were in fear to speak of it because they felt they would put their lives endangered. However, to truly understand the severity and seriousness of thi s subject like

Competitive Business Strategy E-Learning Strategy

Question: Discuss about the Competitive Business Strategy of E-Learning Strategy. Answer: Material 1: The e-learning activity regarding business strategy: 1st paragraph: Key ideas: The current report describes a few key factors from e-learning module of the current course curriculum. The first material promotes business strategy activities that need to be undertaken by the contemporary firms to improve the customer value proposition and the overall brand sustainability. The e-learning activity provides critical knowledge regarding strategizing business activity in a competitive business environment. First of all, the current session clearly demonstrates the region and the marketplace where a firm needs to compete with the rivals. Secondly, the unique value proposition would also generate from a well-built strategic consideration. Another key factor is to utilise potential resources and unique capabilities to create brand value and attractiveness in the marketplace. Finally, a possible strategy needs to be considered to identify the ways of sustaining the unique value. The presentation also indicates that choice of market and the potential customers are also an important factor to exploit the benefits of the different business strategies. A similar fact stated by Agarwal and Ansell (2016) that the orchestras vision helps to bring the strengths in the marketplace to win the competition against the weakness of the enemy. Finally, a potential business strategy also provides a boundary line to a company regarding which is not to do. Eventually, the market competitiveness and strength increases. 2nd paragraph: The beneficial applications: An Australia-based furniture retail organisation Jardan Furniture has been chosen to conduct the reflection of the current study. The firm Jardan Furniture is an Australia-based furniture retailer. The present business profitability of the enterprise, it can be benefited by targeting the business venture more in the Asian market, where the competition is comparatively lower. Also, mass production with the online retailing presence can also help the firm delivering value-added services to the customers. The overall report shows that the strategic business management is necessary for the current organisation to drive organisational sustainability and the future growth prospects. Also, time management, targeting the audience and offering varied, unique selling proposition need to be prioritised before strategizing the new activities. Thus, the brand competitiveness can be improved. It produces customised designs for the individual clients. However, Mullins (2012) stated that the mass pr oduction technique could make a low-cost organisation provider, which can increase the sustainability of the firm. As the company mainly serves Australia and Dubai, another set of global presence can be initiated through employing the unique strategy. The Myrna (2009) stated that the right integration of the regional acquisition. Also, the strategic movement of the defence mechanism to the better industrial application could also facilitate the firm offering first mover advantages (Li, 2011) Therefore, a complex set of tactics and activities can be generated by a strategic adoption, which can help the brand improving its business sustainability in the global market. Material 2: The e-learning activity regarding innovation business model: 1st paragraph: The key ideas: The second material describes what stands for the innovation business model and how it could benefit the firm developing brand value and recognition in its global presence. The key concepts learnt from the e-learning are that the majority of the marketers needs to rethink about the innovation of business model. The lack of adequate innovation might lead to the failure of meeting future business opportunity as well. It is also a fundamental fact that change improves customer value. At the same time, it reduces the cost of the firm as well. In the words of Pavie and Egal (2010), innovation not only means to develop new, but it also ways to offer something new that nobody has done before. The key change consists of four basic principles that are the initiation, ideation, integration and implementation of the business innovativeness. The business model change helps the marketers to regenerate the strategy, and targeting becomes easier as well. It is also mandatory to generate value propo sition for the customers. Thus, higher business revenue can be generated. In addition, the organisations need to implement one business model at a time, and right communication must be made to maintain the flow of innovation process. 2nd paragraph: The beneficial applications: This strategy can benefit the firm Woolworths Limited, which is experiencing issues regarding its business innovation process. Despite having greater employee strength, the top management is imposing higher work burden on the employees. The attrition ratio is increasing, and the firm is failing to meet its long-term business goals. Eventually, the employees are failing to deliver innovativeness as well. Thus, the company could learn from the competitors and reinvent the business model, not just the innovation. Therefore, Woolworths Limited can improvise 55 different change patterns and compare the outcome with the existing approaches of the competitors. Phillips (2009) also stated that over emphasising sometimes create issues in the change process. Therefore, a potential business innovation model could help the firm, attaining top managements commitment and overcoming the business innovation barriers in the international trade venture as well. Knowing the target customer could assist the company, identifying the strengths and weakness of the firm to compete in the market (Andries and Debackere, 2013). It has been determined that potential innovation on operational and HRM practices of Woolworths would also be required an adequate sponsorship program. The right innovation approach will not only create higher brand value, but it will also reduce the cost of the Woolworths business as well. Thus, a composition of strategic business management and business model innovation could help the current firm managing the brand sustainability and profitability in the global platform. The combination of effective operational and business innovation strategies could help the firm grabbing future opportunities. Also, Lindgren (2012) also stated that several times the contemporary organisations fail to utilise the over frequent invented syndrome. Therefore, the firm could rethink its innovative business model, and the management could offer a potential sponsorship program. Ther efore, a customised value can be provided to the customers. Hence, greater innovation and brand sustainability can be attained by the firm Woolworths. References: Andries, P. and Debackere, K. (2013) Business model innovation: Propositions on the appropriateness of different learning approaches, Creativity and Innovation Management, 22(4), pp. 337358 Lindgren, P. (2012) Business model innovation leadership: How do SMEs strategically lead business model innovation?, International Journal of Business and Management, 7(14), pp. 122124 Pavie, X. and Egal, J. (2010) Christensens innovation model and responsibility: The issue of integrating responsibility in a disruptive innovation model, Projectics Proyctica Projectique, 6(3), p. 69 Phillips, J. (2009) Defining your innovation model: 10 facets of innovation, International Journal of Innovation Science, 1(1), pp. 112 Agarwal, R. and Ansell, J. (2016) Strategic change in enterprise risk management,Strategic Change, 25(4), pp. 427439 Li, J. (2011) Rethinking international and global strategy,Global Strategy Journal, 1(3-4), pp. 275278 Mullins, J. (2012) PLAN B: RE-THINKING FUNDING, Business Strategy Review, 23(4), pp. 4749. Myrna, J.W. (2009) How to ensure your recessionà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ fighting game plan gets implemented, Business Strategy Series, 10(3), pp. 173180

Max Weber

Introduction Max Weber in his book the protestant ethic and the spirit of capitalism sought to explain the emergence of the modern capitalism and the origin of the modern secular and industrial society.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Max Weber – The Protestant Ethic and the Spirit of Capitalism specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More According to Weber, the source of work ethic and material success that is considered the beginning of material success is found in the premises of business strength. To him, even the modern day capitalists are unable to explain its origin. According to Weber, the spirit of the present capitalism developed out of protestant ethic of the 16th century of the puritan churches and even sects: these are mainly the Calvinists, the Methodists, and the Quakers etcetera. These Protestants prioritized work over material success and nothing else mattered according to them whether their families , leisure or hobbies, and therefore capitalism was argued to have roots in the protestant denomination (Protestant Ethic 14). The Protestant Ethic According to Weber, capitalism was the accumulation of wealth and deeply rooted in rationality; to him capitalism emerged victorious over tradition and was as a result of a disciplined labor force. This scenario was only evident in European countries and more particularly in protestant nations. Weber arrived at the protestant ethic and spirit of capitalism by analyzing the three religions; the Catholicism, Lutheranism and the protestant denominations and related the analysis to the extent they could bring psychological rewards. The Catholics argued that placing wealth before God could jeopardize the soul and also that was against the kingdom of God as nothing as nothing ought to come before the kingdom. Weber agreed that individuals explained human behavior in reference to religion and not economic power in connection to religion.Advertis ing Looking for essay on political sciences? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More He furthermore agreed that human beings did not view the supernatural as a causal factor but instead they considered the structural factors as causal factors. These structural factors include economic, political and social forces. Max Weber believed that religious belief has a lot of influence in the daily life of every individual. What Weber sought to explain is evident in the modern society; among the Americans, for example, dedication to work and success in life is derived from protestant beliefs or the tradition of the protestant people. This was evident in the year 1999 when the USA replaced Japan as the global leader in the number of hours worked per year. Hard working people in the society are often appreciated and praised. If Weber could have been alive, he could have regarded these features of the American society as true reflection of his th esis. When Weber discussed capitalism that was characterized by profit maximization and mass production, he analyzed so devoid of the principle of human rationality. Weber failed to recognize that any human being is bound by the principles that govern every society and it is a matter of duty rather than religion that makes an individual to exploit its labor (Etzrodt 4). The constant and consistent capacity to work hard is associated with one’s religious indoctrination and one’s desire to work hard is assumed to be a favor from God. Weber assumed vocational calling as a sign psychological motivation from God and the values of restlessness and systematic work in vocational calling were the best demonstration that God’s power was in that individual.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Max Weber – The Protestant Ethic and the Spirit of Capitalism specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Those in mode rn business tirelessly strive for wealth and profit since this gives them assurance of salvation because doing so is sanctioned by God and hence a fundamental source of the protestant ethic. Profit and wealth in business was linked to God’s favor for an earthly kingdom of abundance and a massive production of wealth and generation of profit by an individual was an indication that God favored that individual. Also the opportunity to compete by those in business was not by chance but was considered an opportunity provided by God to generate wealth. Weber argued that the acquisition of wealth was an end in itself; similarly, he argued that the urge to acquire riches for the sake of living well and luxuriously was in itself a sin and was to be condemned since it went against Gods intention that only good and pleasant life was found in heaven and not in earth. Also to him, the hardworking and business oriented individuals could not boost of their status of their accumulated wealth or profit as a sign that they were among the chosen few and instead they were to link it to religious significance and view it as an indication of salvation (Weber 8). The greatest impact of this spirit of capitalism was that any person who was involved in the acquisition and accumulation of wealth was to perform that with the main desire to place himself/herself at the core of life. Weber was against the motive of accumulating wealth for greed or the accumulation of wealth for sole purpose of bodily or earthly comfort but was for the idea that it ought to be saved, accumulated and later to be re-invested in worthy enterprise.Advertising Looking for essay on political sciences? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Criticism Weber is highly criticized due to his argument that capitalism neither could nor has been possible and without ethic or rather a spirit. Instead the critiques argue that capitalism can in the case of Catholicism just like Protestantism since capitalism could occur not only based on ascetism but also on rationality. A critical analysis of Weber’s work indicates that it was a misinterpretation of other churches and sects, indeed there is an inclusion that Calvinist ideas were not capitalist in form. There is also an utter misrepresentation of the Catholic Church. Contemporary arguments are that Catholicism is manifestly capitalistic and their ideals favor capitalism. Weber failed to explain the fact that the reformation by John Calvin and Martin Luther king was a reaction towards the capitalistic tendencies of the Catholic Church as opposed to his explanation that it was a way of allowing protestant capitalism to develop. This is the position of Weber that suffer from the heaviest criticisms since it is well understood that the motive of the reformation was due to the fact that catholic was participating in the accumulation of wealth. Furthermore, Weber’s work has been criticized due to his failure to factor in two historical features; first was the prosperity the cities of Venice and Genoa which were prosperous and economically wealth in Europe during the time Max Weber was writing his thesis. Consequently, during the same time, there was rivalry between Austria and Prussia and during their war; Prussia was dominantly supported by the catholic France which was the powerful state in Europe at that time. Weber also failed to factor in this catholic factor and the sources of this catholic wealth and this is considered the missing link in his arguments (Pierotti 1). In the contemporary world, developments and prosperity of states do not conform to the assertions of Weber. The recent development in the East Asian region is an evident that cap italism does not follow the line of religion since these countries are not Protestants. Consequently the modern prosperity that is witnessed in countries like Spain and Italy which are predominantly catholic and yet they subscribe to capitalistic ideologies totally contradicts Max’s assertion that capitalism is synonymous to the protestant doctrines. This example is a clear indication that capitalism is influenced by factors like geography, political and secular orientation and not Protestantism per se (Parsons and Weber 35). The association by Weber of capitalism to the age of reformation has also been highly criticized. This is because capitalism existed before the age of reformation and Europe practiced capitalism before the protestant revolution and if Weber’s assertion that Protestantism is linked to capitalism then the emergence of the protestant revolution only perpetuated the already existing capitalism. Conclusion The fact that Weber introduced the theme of th e protestant ethic and the spirit of capitalism to understand why the west was developing faster than other regions and yet other societies had the necessary materials yet they were not developing led to a conclusion that there was a phenomenon that sparked this development which could also make them to abandon their traditional ways. The big question that Weber failed to answer was whether all countries in the west were subscribing to the protestant ideals? If the answer was yes then he definitely was wrong and his thesis was incorrect since there were countries like Spain, England, Poland and Italy which were dominantly catholic and yet their level of development and prosperity was at par with that of other western countries. If his answer was no, then he would have totally contradicted his work and his thesis. Therefore the argument by Max Weber does not seem to hold much truth. Works Cited Etzrodt, Christian. Weber’s Protestant-Ethic Thesis, the Critics, and Adam Smith. M axWeber Studies, n.d. Web. Parsons, Talcott and Weber, Max. The Protestant Ethic and the Spirit of Capitalism. New York: Prentice Hall, 2003. Print. Pierotti, Sandra. Backup of the Protestant Ethic and the Spirit of Capitalism. Criticisms of Weber’s Thesis, 2003. Web. Protestant Ethic. The Protestant Ethic and the Spirit of Capitalism. Soc, n.d. Web. Weber, Max. The Protestant Ethic and the Spirit of Capitalism. RoxBury, 2011. Web. This essay on Max Weber – The Protestant Ethic and the Spirit of Capitalism was written and submitted by user Maliah I. to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.